Uniform of German Minor States

 

Le tavole raccolte in questo post erano pubblicare sul sito Histofig.com. spero sia una cosa gradita trovarle nuovamente raccolte in modo organico.

Grand Ducato di Hassia-Darmstadt

Wesphalia

Regiment of Westphalia is raised on December 11th, 1806, to make use of unemployed soldiers of disbanded units of the Prussian army. Its intended strength was four battalions each of six companies, one carabineers and five chasseurs (voltigeurs companies were created at the end of 1807). At the end of 1807, 3rd and 4th battalions are disbanded and strength used to replenish 1st and 2nd ones.
In 1807, 1st battalion joins the French Ocean Observation Army Corps that enters in Spain in 1808.
In summer 1809, the 2nd battalion that was still in Germany is transferred in the Westphalian Army and forms the nucleus of the 2nd Line Regiment.
At the end of 1809 unit is disbanded and his remnants transferred to Hanoverian Legion.

Unit commander
1806 : Colonel Charles Antoine Frederick Meinrad Fidele Prince de Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen

Battles
1808 : Valence

Chasseurs
Prussian cut short tailed coat in white cloth with closed lapels. Scarlet collar. White shoulder straps piped scarlet. White lapels piped scarlet. Scarlet Swedish cuffs. Scarlet turnbacks. Brass buttons.
White waistcoat and breeches. Black gaiters. In service dress, white trousers.
Black felt shako with black leather top and bottom band. Brass rhomboid plate. Ball pompon in company colour with tricolour French cockade. Black leather peak and brass chinscales.
White leatherwork. Black cartridge pouch.

Carabineers
Centre companies’ dress. Scarlet epaulets. Scarlet plume, cords and flounders. Infantry sabre with scarlet sabre strap.

Voltigeurs
Centre companies’ dress. Green epaulets with scarlet crescent. Yellow plume with scarlet tip, yellow pompon and green cords and flounders. Infantry sabre with green sabre strap.

Officers
Troopers dress with long tails and gold or gilded ornaments. Gold rank epaulets. Gilded gorget bearing white imperial eagle. Gold top band and side chevrons on shako. Black boots with leather top. Black leather sword belt, sword with gilded hilt and black leather scabbard with gilded fittings.

Drummers and hornists
Troopers’ dress with yellow lace on collar and yellow chevrons on both arms.

Flags
The four battalions are granted in 1807 with a flag without eagle of Challiot type with hollow corner wrath. On the obverse :

L’EMPEREUR
DES FRANÇAIS
AU RÉGIMENT
DE WESTPHALIE
And on reverse :

VALEUR
ET DISCIPLINE
xME BATAILLON
Painted in gold letters.

Gran Ducato del Beden

Infanterie

Line infantry

Regiment Nr.1

The regiment, formerly titled Leib-Infanterie-Regiment Churfürst (Elector), is renamed Leib-Infanterie-Regiment Großherzog (Grand-duke) on 21st August 1806. It is composed of two battalions of four musketeers companies each, whereas its two grenadiers companies are transferred in Guard Grenadiers battalion. Each company is organized along Prussian lines with :

1 Capitain

1 Premier-Lieutenant

2 Second-Lieutenants

1 Feldwebel

1 Sergeant

1 Capitaine d’armes

1 Fourier

3 Corporale

1 Pfeifer

2 Tambours

10 Schützen

80 Gemeine

Moreover, the first company (Leib-Compagnie) has eight musicians. At the beginning of 1808 the Baden army adopts the French regulation and the four infantry regiments are reorganized along French lines with two battalions of six companies (grenadiers, voltigeurs and fusiliers). Each company is composed of :

1 Capitain

1 Premier-Lieutenant

1 Second-Lieutenants

1 Feldwebel

3 Sergeanten

1 Fahnenjunker

1 Fourier

8 Corporale

1 Zimmermann

2 Tambours

120 Gemeine

When Carl-Friedrich dies in 1811, his regiment loses his title and is renamed Linien-Infanterie-Regiment Nr.1 vacant.

The 1st regiment takes part to the campaign of 1805, 1806 and 1807 in Germany, to the Austrian campaign in 1809, to the Russian campaign in 1812 and to the campaign in Germany in 1813.

Regiment Nr.2

The regiment, formerly titled Linien-Infanterie-Regiment Churprinz (Prince-Elector), is renamed Linien-Infanterie-Regiment Erbgroßherzog (Heir-Grand-duke) on 21st August 1806. It is organised as the 1st regiment and undergoes the same reorganisations.

When Karl-Ludwig-Friedrich succeeds to his father in 1811, his regiment loses his title and is renamed Linien-Infanterie-Regiment Nr.2 vacant.

The 2nd regiment takes part in the same campaigns that the 1st regiment.

Regiment Nr.3

This regiment is organised as the 1st regiment and undergoes the same reorganisations.

In August 1808 its second battalion is sent in Spain but regulation strength is restored by integrating in February 1809 the first battalion of Regiment Nr.4. The 3rd regiment takes part in the same campaigns that the first two regiments.

Regiment Nr.4

This regiment is raised in 1806 by gathering the different troops from territories acquired in 1805. It is organised as the other regiments and undergoes the same reorganisations.

In August 1808 its first battalion and the second battalion of Regiment Nr.3 are combined to raise a Kombiniertes Infanterie-Regiment that is sent in Spain and will be renamed Infanterie-Regiment Nr.4 in February 1809.

The 4th regiment takes part in the campaign in Germany in 1806 and from 1808 to 1813 to the Peninsular war. It is disarmed there by the French in November 1813.

Regiment facings in 1806 facings in 1810 facings in 1813 Buttons

1806 Leib-Infanterie-Regiment Großherzog

1808 Linien-Infanterie-Regiment Nr.1 Großherzog

1811 Linien-Infanterie-Regiment Nr.1 vacant

1813 Linien-Infanterie-Regiment Nr.1 Stockhorn scarlet scarlet crimson white

1806 Linien-Infanterie-Regiment Erbgroßherzog

1808 Linien-Infanterie-Regiment Nr.2 Erbgroßherzog

1811 Linien-Infanterie-Regiment Nr.2 vacant

1813 Linien-Infanterie-Regiment Nr.3 Großherzog yellow scarlet yellow yellow

1806 Linien-Infanterie-Regiment Markgraf Ludwig

1808 Linien-Infanterie-Regiment Nr.3 von Harrant

1808 Linien-Infanterie-Regiment Nr.3 Graf Hochberg

1813 Linien-Infanterie-Regiment Nr.2 Graf Hochberg scarlet scarlet pink white

1806 Linien-Infanterie-Regiment von Harrant

1808 Linien-Infanterie-Regiment Nr.4 vacant

1809 Linien-Infanterie-Regiment Nr.4 von Porbeck

1809 Linien-Infanterie-Regiment Nr.4 von Neuenstein white scarlet white yellow

Musketeers

Dark blue coat with mid-length tails and lapels closing to the waist. Open collar in facings colour. Blue shoulder strap on left shoulder. (red for 1st regiment). Facings coloured lapels (bearing white buttonholes laces in 1st regiment) bearing seven buttons in the first regiment and eight in the others. Facings coloured cuffs with two buttonholes over the cuffs in regimental lace:

Regiment Buttonholes

1 white with tassel

2 white with two red lines and tassel

3 white with two light blue lines without tassel

4 yellow with two light blue lines without tassel

Scarlet turnbacks, at the onset of the turnback two regimental buttonholes laces. Horizontal pockets with regimental buttonholes laces. White or yellow buttons.

From 1808, same dress with square lapels and without any buttonholes laces.

From 1810, double-breasted coat closed down by two rows of six buttons and facings changed to scarlet for all regiments. Scarlet collar with two white buttonholes laces in the 1st regiment. Scarlet shoulder straps. Scarlet cuffs with dark blue cuffs flaps (bearing white buttonholes laces in the 1st regiment). Scarlet turnbacks. Horizontal pockets. White metal buttons.

From 1814, same coat with short tails. Collar in facings colour. Blue shoulder straps. Facings coloured cuffs with blue flaps (rectangular with three buttons). Scarlet turnbacks. White or yellow buttons.

White waistcoat and breeches. Short black gaiters and black shoes

In field dark blue (sometimes white) overalls.

Slate gray overcoat closed by a row of six buttons.

Helmet with black leather crown bearing side metal V strengthening, decorated by ducal arms (star of Fidelity for the 1st regiment) over a metal band stamped with the inscription “GROSSHERZOGLISCHES BADISCHES INFANTERIE REGIMENT (followed by regimental number)" . On both sides, a fine metal chain is suspended between chinscales boss and top of plate. All metal fittings are in button colour. Black wool caterpillar over brass comb with lion head front (the latter in button colour metal) covered by red fringes, replaced in 1809 by red enamelled stripes. Small company coloured pompon at the left of the crown. Black leather peak and chinstrap, the latter trimmed by small chains.

From 1808 the chain of the crown is suppressed.

In 1810 helmet’s fittings become brass for all regiments save first one.

From 1814, black felt shako with top band in button colour and leather and bottom band bearing a large black cockade with white or yellow strap. Pompon in national colours. Black leather peak and chinstrap.

White leatherwork. Black leather cartridge pouch bearing a button colour plate stamped with ducal arms. Waistbelt with brass buckle and infantry sabre with brass hilt, black leather scabbard with brass fittings and white sabre strap.

From 1808, waistbelt is replaced by crossed shoulder belt.

Grenadiers

Troopers dress with red fringed epaulets. White plume above red pompon.

The Augsburger series shows grenadiers NCOs of the 3rd regiment wearing black bearskins bearing a white metal crescent shaped plate stamped with ducal cipher. Mixed red and white cords. White plume with red top (all white for troopers).

Schützen then voltigeurs

Troopers’ dress the usual cartridge pouch replaced by a small one worn on the belly suspended to waistbelt.

From 1809, green fringed epaulets and green plume over green pompon..

NCOs

Troopers’ dress with silver or gold buttonholes laces. All NCOs are equipped like Schützen with the small cartridge pouch worn on belly. Pompon in national colours. For Felwebel, large black fur caterpillar.

After 1808, french rank insignias: rank stripes in diagonal white (silver) or yellow (gold) laces above cuffs.

Officers

Others ranks’ dress with gold or gilded ornaments. Gold or silver rank epaulets. Gilded gorget bearing silver ducal arms. Wide silver silk sash entwined with gold and scarlet threads.

White breeches and black light or hungarian boots.

Black cocked hat with silver or gold laces until 1808. Black cockade with silver strap. Red plume replaced in 1807 by a white plume with red base and in 1809 by a black one. From 1813, troopers’ shako with black plume.

White leatherwork. Waistbelt with gilded buckle and sword or sabre with gilded hilt and black leather scabbard with gilded fittings. Silver sabre strap entwined with gold and scarlet threads.

For mounted officers, German saddle with dark blue cloth shabraque laced silver or gold, embroidered with ducal cipher in rear corners.

Drummers

Troopers’ dress with scarlet swallow nest trimmed by a livery lace in white with scarlet and yellow piping. On both sleeves, six chevrons of livery lace, seams covered with same lace.

From 1810 same dress with seven chevrons on sleeves.

Brass drums stamped with ducal arms with hoops painted with white/scarlet/yellow stripes.

Hornists

Troopers’ dress and brass horn with yellow/red/white cord.

Sappers

Troopers’ dress with axe.

From 1808, white leather apron.

Musicians

Troopers’ dress with scarlet swallow nest trimmed with silver lace. For drum-majors, on both sleeves, six chevrons of silver lace, seams covered with same lace.

Infanterie

Light infantry

When the Duchy joins the Confederation of the Rhine the Jägerbataillon comprises four companies for a total strength of 549 men.

On March 13th 1809, the battalion is reorganised in the french six companies scheme of which four are jaegers companies, one is Carabiniers and one voltigeurs. At the beginning of the Austrian campaign five companies only had reached their war strength for a total strength of 856 men.

On January 15th 1810 the battalion is renamed Light Infantry battalion von Lingg (Leichtes Infanterie Bataillon). During the Russian campaign he is part of the Baden brigade in VICTOR’s Corps.

Reformed at six companies strength after Russia, it takes part on french side in the 1813 campaign and on Allies side in the 1814 campaign.

Jägers

Dark green coat with short tails and lapels closing to the waist. Black collar piped white. Green fringed epaulets. Black lapels piped white with white buttonholes laces. Black rounded cuffs piped white with white buttonholes laces. Black turnbacks piped white. White buttons.

From 1808, buttonholes on lapels and cuffs are suppressed.

From 1809, short tailed double-breasted coat closed by two rows of ten buttons with same ornaments. Front of coat piped white.

From 1810 (transformation in light infantry), short tailed double-breasted coat closed by two rows of six buttons. Scarlet collar, rounded cuffs and turnbacks. Green shoulder straps.

In 1813, same coat with black collar and cuffs, green shoulder straps piped scarlet and scarlet turnbacks. Brass buttons.

Grey breeches, white in 1813 dress. Short black gaiters and black shoes

Bavarian type helmet without comb, high black leather crown bearing side leather V strengthening, decorated by brass crowned ducal cipher (CF). Green caterpillar. At left of the crown, green plume over brass horn. Black leather visor and chinstrap.

With 1813 dress, prussian type shako in black felt with yellow top band and black leather bottom band bearing a pompon in baden colours over a large black cloth cockade with yellow strap. Black leather peak and chinstrap.

Black leatherwork. Black leather cartridge pouch bearing white metal horn badge. Sword bayonet with brass hilt and black leather scabbard with brass fittings.

Carabiniers

From 1810 (transformation in light infantry), troopers with white plume and scarlet fringed epaulets.

Sappers

Troopers’ dress with sapper’s apron and axe. NCOs

Leading and base edges of collar and cuffs laced silver. Epaulets with white half-moon. From 1808, french rank insignias: rank stripes in diagonal white (silver), yellow (gold) in 1813, laces above left cuff.

Officers

Others ranks’ dress with gold or gilded ornaments. Gold or silver rank epaulets. Wide silver silk sash entwined with gold and scarlet threads.

Green breeches and black hungarian boots with silver or gold laces and tassels.

Black leatherwork. Light cavalry waistbelt with gilded buckle and sabre with gilded hilt and black leather scabbard with gilded fittings. Silver sabre strap entwined with gold and scarlet threads.

Drummers and hornists

Hornists have no special distinctions.

Drummers are introduced in 1810 (transformation in light infantry) and wear troopers’ dress with scarlet swallow nests trimmed by a white livery lace with scarlet central piping. On both sleeves, six chevrons of livery lace, seams covered with same lace.

Musicians

Troopers’ dress with black swallow nests laced white and black shoulder straps piped white.

Infanterie

Guard Grenadiers

On 31st October 1806, the grenadier battalion von Stetten is augmented to five companies and his name changed to Leib-Grenadier-Garde. Each company is composed of :

1 Stabsoffizier (Capitain)

1 Stabs-Capitain

2 Lieutenants

1 Feldwebel

1 Sergeant

1 Fahnenjunker

1 Fourier

5 Corporale

1 Pfeifer

2 Tambours

10 Schützen

90 Grenadieren

In 1809 battalion is brought up to six companies organized as in French infantry :

1 Capitain

1 Premier-Lieutenant

1 Second-Lieutenant

1 Feldwebel

3 Sergeant

1 Fahnenjunker

1 Fourier

8 Korporal

2 Tambours

1 Zimmermann

120 Grenadieren

The battalion takes part to the siege of Stralsund during 1807 campaign, to the fights in Vorarlberg during the 1809 campaign, on the Allied side, to several battles in France during 1814 campaign.

Grenadiers

Dark blue long tailed coat worn open from the breast. Scarlet collar. Scarlet shoulder strap on left shoulder and white aiguillette on right one. Front of coat bearing six tasselled buttonholes embroideries. Scarlet rounded cuffs bearing three tasselled buttonholes embroideries. Scarlet turnbacks, horizontal pockets bearing three tasselled buttonholes embroideries. Waist buttons sitting on tasselled buttonholes embroideries. White buttons.

From 1807, dark blue long tailed single-breasted coat closed by a row of nine buttons. Scarlet collar trimmed white. Blue shoulder strap piped red on left shoulder and white aiguillette on right one. Nine white buttonholes laces across breast. Scarlet cuffs trimmed white with blue flaps (rectangular with 3 buttons) piped red bearing white buttonholes laces. Scarlet turnbacks piped white.

From 1809, double breasted coat closed by two rows of six buttons with same ornaments. Cuffs without flaps bearing two buttonhole laces.

From 1813 same dress with short tails.

From 1814 dark blue short tailed double breasted coat closed by two rows of six buttons. Scarlet collar bearing two white buttonhole laces. Scarlet shoulder straps on both shoulders. Scarlet cuffs with scarlet flaps (rectangular with 3 buttons) bearing white buttonholes laces.

White breeches. High black gaiters and black shoes.

From 1807, short gaiters.

In field dress, dark blue cloth overalls. Grey overcoat.

Black fur bearskin bearing white metal plate stamped with crowned ducal arms. Scarlet top patch embroidered with a white grenade. White plume with red top over Baden cockade. Cords and flounders in scarlet-white-yellow entwined thread. White metal chinscales.

From 1809, white metal plate bearing a brass grenade.

White leatherwork. Black leather cartridge pouch bearing white metal plate stamped with ducal arms and four white metal grenades in the corners. Waistbelt with brass buckle and infantry sabre with brass hilt and black leather scabbard with brass fittings and white sabre strap with red tassel (also white in 1813).

From 1807, the waistbelt is suppressed and replaced by crossed shoulderbelt.

Schützen

Troopers’ dress with cartridge pouch worn on stomach suspended to waistbelt.

NCOs

Troopers’ dress. Red top to bearskin plume and red, white and yellow sabre strap fringes.

From 1808, rank laces on both arms in white cloth or silver thread on red cloth :

Korporal 2 white stripes on both arms

Fourrier 2 white stripes on both arms

1 silver on red lace on upper-arms

Sergeant 1 silver on red lace on both arms

Feldwebel 2 silver on red laces on both arms

Officers

Troopers’ dress without embroideries on front of coat. Silver embroideries on both sides of collar. Black felt cocked hat trimmed with silver embroideries, with plume with red tuft base. Gilded gorget bearing silver trophy of arms. Silver silk sash with yellow and red embroideries. Sword with silver thread sword knot with yellow and red embroideries. Black leather boots.

From 1808, silver thread rank epaulets :

Oberst 2 silver epaulets with silver heavy bullion fringes

Oberst-Lieutenant 2 gold epaulets with silver heavy bullion fringes

Major 1 silver epaulets with heavy bullion fringed on left shoulder

Hauptmann 1 silver fringed epaulets on left shoulder

Premier-Lieutenant 1 silver fringed epaulets with central red line on left shoulder

Second-Lieutenant 1 silver fringed epaulets with two red lines on left shoulder

Hat without embroideries and black falling feather plume. Silver gorget with gilded trophy of arms.

Drummers

Troopers’ dress with blue swallow nest bordered by a white livery lace with red and yellow trim. On both sleeves, six chevrons of livery lace, seams covered with same lace. Copper drum, counterhoops painted with alternate red and white stripes.

Cavalerie

Gardes du Corps

Dragons légers

Hussards

Artillerie

En 1804, les deux compagnies de Gardes du Corps sont constituées en escadron, à l’effectif de 77 hommes. L’organisation et l’effectif ne changent pas pour toute la période napoléonienne.

Gardes

Habit à pans courts en drap blanc à devant agrafé. Collet rabattu écarlate bordé d’un galon de livrée blanc à broderies rouges, jaunes et argent. Trèfles écarlates, aiguillette blanche sur l’épaule droite. Devant de l’habit galonné du galon de livrée. Parements suédois écarlates bordés du galon de livrée. Ceinture écharpe écarlate. Retroussis écarlates bordés du galon de livrée. Boutons blancs.

A partir de 1808, habit à pans courts en drap blanc fermé par deux rangées de 6 boutons. Collet agrafé écarlate. Pattes d’épaule blanches lisérées de rouge. Devant de l’habit passepoilé de rouge. Parements ronds écarlates. Ceinture écharpe écarlate. Retroussis écarlates.

A partir de 1811, le collet est orné de deux boutonnières blanches, et le passepoil du devant ainsi que la ceinture écharpe disparaissent.

Veste et culotte blanches. Bottes à l’écuyère noires. A partir de 1808, l’habit cache entièrement la veste.

Bicorne de feutre noir à galons et floches blancs. Cocarde noire à ganse blanche. Plumet blanc avec à sa base des plumetis jaunes et rouges.

A partir de 1806, casque à bombe de cuir noir ornée d’une plaque de métal blanc estampée de l’étoile de la fidélité et renforcée par deux bandes de métal blanc. Pas de cimier. Chenille de crins blancs. Visière de cuir noir cerclée de métal blanc et jugulaires de métal blanc.

A partir de 1809, le casque est pourvu d’un cimier recouvert de cuir noir et la plaque ornementale est remplacée par une bande de métal blanc au-dessus de la visière surmontée de l’étoile de la fidélité.

A partir de 1811, le casque retrouve sa plaque ornementale. Il est pourvu d’un couvre-nuque de cuir noir cerclé de métal blanc. Le cimier est pourvu de renforts de métal blanc et la chenille, à sa base, d’un bourrelet de tissu jaune (ou jaune et rouge comme l’infanterie ?).

Buffleterie blanche. Giberne de cuir noir ornée de l’étoile de la fidélité en métal blanc. Sabre d’un modèle spécial à lame droite et garde de laiton doré ornée des armes du duché. Fourreau de cuir noir à garnitures de laiton puis (1808) de fer. Sabretache recouverte de tissu écarlate bordée du galon de livrée puis d’un simple galon blanc et ornée du monogramme ducal couronné blanc. La sabretache n’est plus portée après 1813.

Selle allemande. Schabraque de drap écarlate bordée d’un double galon blanc, chaperons de même recouverts de fourrure noire. Schabraque et chaperons ornés du monogramme couronné blanc.

Sous-officiers

Galon de livrée du bas du collet et des parements en fil d’argent. A partir de 1808, insignes de grades français : galon de grade blanc (argent) en diagonale au-dessus du parement sur le bras gauche.

Officiers

Tenue de la troupe à pans longs, tous les ornements argent ou argentés. Trèfles argent avec aiguillette de même sur l’épaule droite. Large ceinture de soie argent mêlé de fils d’or et d’écarlate.

Bicorne de feutre noir galonné d’argent à renfort et macarons argent. Plumet blanc avec plumetis jaune et rouge à la base.

Le chapeau est remplacé à partir de 1808-1809 par le casque de la troupe à ornement argenté, étoile à centre émaillé et épaisse chenille de fourrure blanche. Schabraque bordé d’un galon bleu entre deux galons d’argent.

Trompettes Tenue de la troupe ornée de nids d’hirondelle écarlates bordés du galon de livrée. Chevrons en galon de livrée et couture des manches recouvertes du galon de livrée. Devant de l’habit orné de six boutonnières en galon de livrée. Fausses manches blanches bordée du galon de livrée.

Casque à chenille écarlate.

Württemberg

Infanterie de ligne

En 1805 l’infanterie du Württemberg se compose de :

un bataillon de grenadiers (Leib Grenadier Bataillon) qui formera le 1 janvier 1806 la Garde à pied

six bataillons de mousquetaires

Le 25 janvier 1806 les 6 bataillons sont transformés en régiment à un bataillon de 4 compagnies de mousquetaires.

Le 11 octobre 1806 l’infanterie se renforce d’un bataillon de fusiliers qui devient en janvier 1807 le régiment de fusiliers (futur 7e régiment de 1811). _Pour la campagne de 1809 contre l’Autriche deux bataillons de dépôt sont mis sur pied le 25 juin 1809. Ils servent le 17 septembre 1809 à former le régiment d’infanterie von Scharffenstein (futur 8e régiment de 1811).

Le 26 mai 1811 l’infanterie reçoit une numérotation, le nom du régiment n’est conservé que pour ceux dont le chef est un membre de la famille royale.

Mousquetaires

Habit à pans courts de drap bleu foncé. Collet de la distinctive passepoilé suivant le régiment. Pattes d’épaule de la distinctive passepoilés suivant le régiment. Demi-revers de la distinctive (bleu foncé au 7e et 8e régiments) passepoilés suivant le régiment. Parements ronds de la distinctive passepoilés suivant le régiment. Retroussis de la distinctive passepoilés suivant le régiment. Boutons suivant le régiment.

Après 1811, même habit à revers du fond (bleu foncé) passepoilés suivant le régiment.

A partir de 1813, les régiments appartenant à la famille royale (1er, 2e, 5e et 6e) portent une boutonnière blanche au col et aux parements. En 1814, ces boutonnière sont ornées d’une floche.

Pour les années 1813-1814, certaines représentations semblent indiquer l’apparition d’un habit de nouvelle coupe dont le bas est coupé carrément et dont les retroussis partent des hanches. Cet habit est représenté soit avec les demi-revers habituels, soit avec des revers complets.

Culotte blanches. Guêtres courtes noires.

Casque à bombe de cuir noir avec sur le devant une large plaque de laiton estampée des armes royales surmontées d’une couronne. Cimier recouvert de cuir noir et crinière noire. Au sommet du cimier, court plumet aux couleurs du régiment (voir planche). Visière et couvre nuque de cuir noir cerclés de laiton et mentonnière de cuir noir.

A partir de 1807, la crinière est remplacée par une chenille de laine noire. Le plumet est déplacé sur la gauche du casque.

A partir de 1810, le casque est orné d’une cocarde jaune, noir et rouge (de l’extérieur vers l’intérieur) à la base du plumet, plumet qui est supprimé peu après.

Le casque est remplacé à partir de 1812 par un shako de feutre noir à bande du haut en cuir noir, bourdalou et renforts en V jaune, orné d’une plaque en losange de laiton estampée des armes royales et surmontée d’une couronne. Cordons et raquettes de la couleur des boutons. Visière et couvre nuque de cuir noir cerclés de laiton et mentonnière de cuir noir.

Buffleterie blanche. Giberne de cuir noir ornée d’une plaque de laiton ovale estampée des armes royales. Ceinturon blanc et sabre d’infanterie garde de laiton à deux branches et fourreau de cuir fauve à garnitures de laiton. Dragonne suivant le régiment.

Le ceinturon est remplacé à partir de 1811 par une banderole sur l’épaule droite.

Au début de 1812, la dragonne devient blanche, avec un gland à la couleur de la compagnie (voir planche).

Grenadiers

Tenue de la troupe. Sur le casque, chenille placée en travers.

Sous-officiers

Galons de la couleur des boutons sur le devant et le bas du col, autour des revers et aux parements.

Les galons des revers sont supprimés en 1810.

Officiers

Habit de la troupe à pans longs. Large ceinture de soie argent nouée sur la hanche gauche et brodée des couleurs nationales (jaune, rouge et noir). Casque d’un type spécial, sans cimier, haute bombe de cuir noir, renfort et ornements dorés et épaisse chenille de fourrure noire. Plumet blanc à base noire.

Epée à garde dorée et fourreau de cuir noir à garnitures dorées pour les officiers de mousquetaires et sabre à garde et fourreau argentés ou dorés dans les régiments de fusiliers, dragonne de la couleur des boutons.

Le shako évolue comme celui de la troupe après 1812.

Après 1807, épaulettes de grade de la couleur des boutons.

Tambours

Tenue de la troupe avec des nids d’hirondelle de la distinctive galonné de la couleur du passepoil, et barré d’un galon de la couleur du passepoil dessinant un W.

Tambours à cercles jaunes barrés en diagonales de bandes accolées rouges et noires.

Light infantry

In 1813, following the Russian campaign, the remnants of the two battalions are used to raise the 10th regiment of light infantry.

Fusiliers

Short tailed coat of dark green cloth. Light blue collar piped white. Light blue shoulder straps piped white. Light blue half lapels piped white. Light blue rounded cuffs piped white. Light blue turnbacks piped white. Brass buttons for 1st battalion, white metal for 2nd.

After 1811, same coat with dark green lapels piped white and blue pointed cuffs piped white.

In 1813 dress of regiment Nr.10 is the one of the former 1st battalion with yellow buttons.

White breeches, green in 1813. Short black gaiters.

Helmet with black leather crown bearing brass crowned royal arms. Black leather covered comb and black horsehair mane. Short green plume with blue top on top of comb. Black leather peak and chinstrap.

Helmet is replaced from 1808 by a varnished black felt shako with a green cloth band wrapped around his middle. White cords and flounders. Green plume replaced in 1810 by a red one over national cockade. Plume is suppressed, as in the whole army, in may 1810. Black leather peak with brass strengthening and chinstrap.

In 1812-1813, light infantry is equipped with the same shako that line infantry, black felt with black leather top band and yellow base band and side V strengthening, bearing a brass crown over a brass rhomboid plate stamped with royal arms. White cords and flounders. Black leather peak and neck guard with brass strengthening. Black leather chinstrap.

Ochre leatherwork. Black leather cartridge pouch bearing an oval brass plate stamped with royal arms. Ochre waistbelt and infantry sabre with brass double bar hilt and brown scabbard with brass fittings. Light ochre sabre strap.

Waistbelt is replaced in 1808 by a shoulderbelt on right shoulder.

NCOs

Button colour lace on forward and lower sides of collar, around lapels and on cuffs.

Lapels laces are suppressed in 1810 (as lapels take coat colour) .

Officers

Troopers’ dress with long tails. Wide silver silk sash with national colours (yellow, red and black) embroideries. After 1807, ranks epaulets in button colour thread. High crowned officers type helmet, without comb, bearing gilded strengthening and ornaments and a thick black fur caterpillar. White plume with black base.

In 1808, other ranks’ shako with rank laces at the top.

As the others ranks, officers are equipped after 1812 with the new shako.

Sabre suspended to a black leather shoulderbelt bearing gilded royal cipher worn on right shoulder.

Hornists

Troopers’ dress bearing button coloured lace on collar, lapels and cuffs. Light blue swallow nests with button colour lace, a button coloured lace traces the letter W across the nest.

Guard Foot Grenadiers

In 1802, the grenadier battalion von Zobel takes the name Leib-Grenadier battalion. In 1806 he becomes Foot Guard battalion and in 1814 the first battalion of the newly created Foot Guard Regiment.

Grenadiers

Short tailed coat of dark blue cloth. Black open collar piped white bearing a white tasselled buttonhole lace. Blue shoulder straps piped white. Black half lapels piped white bearing white tasselled buttonhole laces. Black rounded cuffs piped white bearing two white tasselled buttonhole laces. Black turnbacks piped white. White metal buttons.

From 1808, coat with long tails and lapels closed to the waist. Black open collar piped white bearing a white tasselled buttonhole lace. White fringed epaulets. Black lapels piped white bearing white tasselled buttonhole laces. Black rounded cuffs piped white bearing two white tasselled buttonhole laces. White turnbacks with vertical pockets simulated by a white piping ending with white tassels. White metal buttons.

White breeches. Short black gaiters replaced in 1808 by high ones.

Helmet with black leather crown bearing a large brass plate stamped with crowned royal arms and one grenade on each side. Black wool caterpillar with black plume included in caterpillar just above the plate. One brass grenade on each side of helmet.. Black leather peak with brass strengthening and brass chinscales.

Helmet is replaced in 1808 by a black fur bearskin bearing a white metal plate stamped with crowned royal arms and one grenade on each side. White top embroidered with a black grenade. White cords and flounders. White plume over a black pompon embroidered with a white FR. White metal chinscales.

White leatherwork. Black leather cartridge pouch bearing a brass oval plate stamped with royal arms and one brass grenade in each corner. White waistbelt and Guard infantry sabre with brass triple bars hilt bearing royal arms and brown scabbard with brass fittings. Black leather sabre strap, white from 1808.

NCOs

Silver lace on forward and lower sides of collar and on cuffs. Black plume with white top.

Officers

Troopers’ dress with long tails, vertical pockets simulated by silver tasselled lace. Wide silver silk sash with national colours (yellow, red and black) embroideries. Silver braid buttonhole laces. On helmet, gilded ornaments, black fur caterpillar and falling white plume.

From 1808, bearskin with white top embroidered with a silver grenade, silver cords and flounders. Silver gorget bearing gold royal arms. Others ornaments as in first dress.

Drummers

Troopers’ dress bearing silver lace on collar, lapels and cuffs. Silver inverted V laces on both arms.

Light horses

1st cavalry regiment

1806 Vacant Chevaulegers Rgt.

1807-1811 Chevaulegers Herzog Heinrich

1811 Kavallerie Rgt. Nr. 1 Vacant Chevaulegers

1812-1813 Kavallerie Rgt. Nr. 1 Chevaulegers Prinz Adam

1813-1815 Leib-Kavallerie Rgt. Nr. 1

Troopers

Short tailed dark blue coat. Scarlet collar. White fringeless epaulets with white metal scales. Scarlet half-lapels. Scarlet rounded cuffs. Scarlet cloth sash. Yellow turnbacks laced scarlet. Brass buttons.

After 1811 same coat with yellow collar, cuffs and sash and blue piped yellow lapels and turnbacks.

When renamed Leib-Kavallerie Rgt., new coat with lapels closed to the waist. Yellow collar, pointed cuffs and turnbacks. Blue lapels piped yellow. Yellow fringeless epaulets with white metal scales. White metal buttons.

White breeches. Black high cuffed boots.

High crowned black leather helmet with V leather strengthening bearing a brass plate stamped with royal arms and extending on front of the comb. Wood comb covered with black leather. Black horsehair mane. Black plume worn on top of comb. Black leather peak with brass strengthening and black leather chinstrap.

In 1813, when renamed Leib-Kavallerie Rgt., new helmet with black leather crown bearing white metal royal arms. High black comb with black caterpillar. At left black plume over national cockade. Black leather peak and neck guard trimmed with white metal and white metal chinscales.

White leatherwork. Württemburger cavalrymen wore their shoulderbelts crossed. Black leather cartridge pouch bearing a brass oval plate stamped with crowned royal cipher. Straight bladed sabre with 3 bars iron hilt and iron scabbard. Black leather sabre strap.

German saddle. Dark blue cloth schabraque and holster cover with scarlet lace and crowned royal cipher embroidery in rear corners.

NCOs

Gold lace on forward and lower sides of collar and on cuffs. Black plume with white base.

Officers

Wide silver silk sash with national colours (yellow, red and black) embroideries. High crowned bavarian type helmet, without comb, bearing silver strengthening and ornaments and a thick black fur caterpillar. White plume with black base. Black leatherwork. Gold schabraque lace with scarlet piping.

Trumpeters

NCO’s laces on collar and cuffs. Scarlet swallow nests with gold lace.

2nd cavalry regiment

1806-1811 Leib-Chevauxleger Rgt.

1811-1813 Kavallerie Rgt. Nr.2 Leib-Chevauxleger

1813-1815 Kavallerie Rgt. Nr.4 Jäger Prinz Adam

Troopers

Short tailed dark blue coat. Scarlet collar bearing two white buttonhole laces. White fringeless epaulets with white metal scales. Scarlet half-lapels bearing white buttonhole laces. Scarlet rounded cuffs bearing two white buttonhole laces. Scarlet cloth sash. Yellow turnbacks laced scarlet. White metal buttons.

After 1811 same coat with blue piped scarlet lapels. Lapels and cuffs without laces.

Schabraque with white lace and embroidery.

Other details as 1st regiment, brass ornaments replaced by white metal ones.

NCOs, officers and trumpeters

As 1st regiment with silver ornaments.

Chasseurs à cheval

3rd cavalry regiment

1806 Jäger Rgt. Zu Pferd Prinz Paul

1807-1811 Jäger Rgt. Zu Pferd Herzog Louis

1811-1815 Kavallerie Rgt. Nr. 3 Jäger Herzog Louis

Troopers

Short tailed dark green coat. Green collar piped yellow. Yellow fringeless epaulets with white metal scales. Yellow half-lapels piped green. Yellow pointed cuffs. Green turnbacks laced yellow. White metal buttons.

After 1809 same coat with yellow collar and cuffs and green piped yellow lapels and turnbacks.

After 1811 same coat with green piped yellow collar, lapels, cuffs and turnbacks.

Yellow breeches with green legs replaced in 1809 by entirely green breeches. Black hungarian boots with white lave and tassel.

High crowned black leather helmet with V leather strengthening bearing a brass plate stamped with royal arms and extending on front of the comb. Wood comb covered with black leather. Wool caterpillar with yellow top and green base. Black leather peak and chinstrap.

In 1809, comb becomes higher and caterpillar is extended forward. Leather chinstrap is replaced by white metal chinscales.

Helmet is replaced in 1813 by a black felt shako with black leather top band and yellow side V and bottom band, bearing a brass crown over a brass rhomboid plate stamped with royal arms. Black plume and yellow cords and flounders. Black leather peak and neck guard and brass chinscales.

Black leatherwork. Württemburger cavalrymen wore their shoulderbelts crossed. Black leather cartridge pouch bearing a brass oval plate stamped with crowned royal cipher. Straight bladed sabre with 3 bars iron hilt and iron scabbard. Black leather sabre strap.

Hungarian saddle covered by green cloth schabraque with yellow lace and crowned royal cipher embroidery in rear corners.

NCOs

Silver lace on forward and lower sides of collar and on cuffs. With shako, black plume with white base.

Officers

Wide silver silk sash with national colours (yellow, red and black) embroideries. High crowned bavarian type helmet, without comb, bearing silver strengthening and ornaments and a thick black fur caterpillar. White plume with black base. Black schabraque lace with silver zigzag pattern and piping.

Trumpeters

Troopers dress in reversed colours, yellow with green collar, lapels cuffs and turnbacks piped yellow. NCO’s laces on collar and cuffs. Green swallow nests with silver lace.

4th cavalry regiment

1806-1811 Jäger Rgt. Zu Pferd König

1811-1813 Kavallerie Rgt. Nr. 4 Jäger König

1813-1815 Kavallerie Rgt. Nr.5 Jäger

Troopers

Short tailed dark green coat. Green collar piped white. Pink fringeless epaulets with white metal scales. Pink half-lapels piped white crossed by white buttonhole laces. Pink pointed cuffs piped white. White turnbacks. White metal buttons.

After 1809 same coat with pink collar piped white and green lapels piped.

After 1811 same coat with pink collar bearing a white buttonhole lace, green lapels, cuffs and turnbacks all piped white.

After 1813 (transformation in Kavallerie Regiment Nr.5), same coat with light blue collar, green lapels, cuffs and turnbacks all piped light blue.

White breeches. Black hungarian boots with white lace and tassel.

On helmet, caterpillar with white top and green base. White lace and embroidery on schabraque.

Other details as 3rd regiment.

NCOs

As 3rd regiment.

Officers

As 3rd regiment. Silver lace on schabraque

Trumpeters

Troopers dress in reversed colours, yellow with yellow collar, pink lapels cuffs and turnbacks piped white. NCO’s laces on collar and cuffs. Pink swallow nests with silver lace.

Dragons

5e régiment de cavalerie

1809-1811 Dragoner Rgt. Kronprinz

1811-1813 Kavallerie Rgt. Nr.5 Dragoner Kronprinz

1813-1815 Kavallerie Rgt. Nr.3 Dragoner Kronprinz

1815 Kavallerie Rgt. Nr.3 Jäger Kronprinz

Troupe

Habit à pans longs de drap vert foncé. Collet blanc passepoilé d’écarlate. Contre-épaulettes blanches à écailles de métal blanc. Demi-revers verts passepoilés d’écarlates. Parements ronds blancs passepoilés d’écarlates. Retroussis blancs galonnés d’écarlates. Poches en travers simulées par un passepoil écarlate. Boutons de métal blanc.

En 1814, collet et parements ornés d’une boutonnière blanche.

En 1815 (transformation en chasseurs) habit à pans court à collet vert.

Culotte de drap blanc, remplacée en 1815 par une culotte verte. Bottes à l’écuyère noires remplacées en 1815 par des bottes hongroises noires à galon et gland blanc.

Shako de feutre noir à bande du haut en cuir noir, bourdalou et renforts en V blancs, orné d’une plaque en losange de métal blanc estampée des armes royales et surmontée d’une couronne. Plumet noir. Cordons et raquettes blancs. Visière et couvre nuque de cuir noir et jugulaires à écailles de métal blanc.

Buffleterie blanche. La cavalerie württembourgeoise porte les baudriers croisés. Giberne de cuir noir ornée d’une plaque ovale de métal blanc estampée du monogramme royal couronné. Sabre à lame droite à garde à 3 branches et fourreau d’acier. Dragonne de cuir noir.

Selle allemande. Schabraque et chaperons de toile verte galonnés d’écarlate. Schabraque brodée dans les angles postérieurs du monogramme royal couronné blanc.

En 1815 selle hongroise recouverte d’une schabraque de drap vert avec les mêmes ornements.

Sous-officiers

Galons d’argent sur le devant et le bas du col et aux parements.

Officiers

Large ceinture de soie argent nouée sur la hanche gauche et brodée des couleurs nationales (jaune, rouge et noir). Ornements argentés au shako et plumet blanc à base noire. Galon de schabraque argent passepoilé d’écarlate.

Trompettes

Tenue de la troupe en drap jaune avec les mêmes agréments.

Chasseurs of the Guard

Short tailed dark green coat. Scarlet collar. Yellow fringeless epaulets with brass scales. Scarlet half-lapels. Scarlet rounded cuffs. Scarlet cloth sash. Green turnbacks laced yellow. Brass buttons.

From 1808, single breasted short tailed dark green coat. Black collar. Front of coat laced by a yellow and black chequered livery lace. Black cloth sash. Black rounded cuffs with livery lace. Yellow turnbacks laced black. Black cloth supravest with livery lace around collar, arms and waist bearing on breast and back a gold six pointed star with silver centre embroidered with royal cipher.

From 1809, the first dress becomes the parade dress. In campaign dress, green single breasted coat with long tails closed by seven yellow buttons. Black collar laced yellow at the front and base edge. Yellow fringed epaulets. Yellow piping on front of the coat. Black rounded cuffs laced yellow. Black turnbacks piped yellow.

White breeches. Black high cuffed boots.

High crowned black leather helmet with V leather strengthening bearing an oval brass plate stamped with royal arms. Wood comb covered with black leather. Black horsehair mane. Green plume worn on top of comb. Black leather peak with brass strengthening and brass chinscales.

From 1808, high crowned Bavarian type helmet without comb, with brass royal arms and strengthening. Black wool caterpillar. Green plume. Black leather peak with brass strengthening and brass chinscales.

From 1809, in campaign dress, black bearskin without plate. Black top patch with yellow vertical cross. Black plume over national cockade. Yellow cords and flounders. Gilded chinscales. Polished steel cuirass with steel scales shoulder straps and yellow padding.

Black leatherwork. Black leather cartridge pouch, cover bordered by brass and bearing a brass shield plate stamped with crowned royal cipher. Curved bladed sabre with 3 bars brass hilt and copper covered scabbard. Green sabre strap.

German saddle. Dark green cloth schabraque and holster cover with livery lace and yellow crowned royal cipher embroidery in rear corners. For parades, scarlet schabraque bordered with yellow embroideries.

NCOs

Gold lace on front and lower edges of collar and on cuffs. Green plume with white base.

Officers

Troopers’ dress with chequered lace replaced by gold embroidery lace. Supravest as Life Guards officers laced gold. Wide silver silk sash with national colours (yellow, red and black) embroideries worn over supravest. All brass ornaments become gold or gilded. White plume. Pouch belt bearing a gold shield. Sabre strap with gold tassel. On green schabraque, scarlet lace with gold zigzag pattern and piping.

Horse artillery

In 1806 the württemberger army comprises one horse batteries equipped with six 6pdr guns and two 7pdr howitzers manned by 61 men.

In 1807 this battery is transferred in the Household and a new line battery is raised. The strength of both batteries is raised to 78 men.

In 1808 the Household battery gains Guard status, the line battery is transferred in the Household and a new line battery is raised.

Line battery

Gunners

Short tailed coat of cornflower blue cloth. Black collar. Black shoulder straps. Black half lapels. Black cloth sash. Black rounded cuffs. Yellow turnbacks laced black. Brass buttons.

After 1808, same dress with yellow fringeless epaulets with brass scales.

After 1811, same dress with blue lapels piped yellow.

From 1812, coats with lapels hooked down to the waist worn without sash.

Cornflower blue breeches. Black light boots.

Helmet without comb. Black leather crown reinforced by brass side V struts. Black wool caterpillar running from peak to neckguard. White plume on left side. Black leather peak and neckguard trimmed brass, black leather chinstrap.

From 1807, helmet without comb. Black leather crown reinforced by brass side V struts bearing a large brass plate stamped with crowned royal arms. Black wool caterpillar. White plume on left side. Black leather peak and brass chinscales.

From 1810 the national cockade is added below plume the latter being suppressed some times later.

Helmet is replaced from 1813 by an austrian style black felt shako with black leather top and base bands and side V strengthening, bearing a brass crown over a brass rhomboid plate stamped with royal arms. Black leather peak and neck guard trimmed with brass and brass chinscales.

White leatherwork. Black leather cartridge pouch bearing an oval brass plate stamped with royal arms. Light cavalry sabre with iron triple bar hilt and scabbard. White sabre strap.

Hungarian saddle with blue cloth schabraque bordered by a black lace piped yellow bearing yellow royal cipher in rear corners .

NCOs

Gold lace on forward and lower sides of collar and on cuffs. Black plume with white base.

Officers

Wide silver silk sash with national colours (yellow, red and black) embroideries. All ornaments gold or gilded and white plume with black base. Schabraque lace piped gold.

Trumpeters

NCOs’ dress with black swallow nests trimmed yellow, a yellow lace traces the letter W across the nest.

Guard’s battery

Coat as Guard foot battery.

Other details as line horse artillery. On the black lace of officers shabraque, gold zigzag pattern.

Household battery

Line horse artillery coat with white piping, shoulder scales and buttons, bearing two white buttonholes laces on collar and cuffs.

Other details as line horse artillery.

Garrison regiment

Single breasted coat of dark blue cloth with short tails closed by a row of seven buttons. Scarlet collar piped white. Scarlet rounded cuff piped white. Scarlet turnbacks piped white. Brass buttons.

White breeches. Short black gaiters.

Line infantry helmet with black leather crown bearing a crowned oval brass plate stamped with royal arms. Comb covered with black leather and black wool caterpillar. Short white plume tipped scarlet. Black leather peak and neck guard with brass strengthening. Black leather chinstrap.

White leatherwork. Black leather cartridge pouch. White waistbelt and infantry sabre with brass hilt and black scabbard with brass fittings. White sabre strap.

Land regiments

The first Land battalions are raised in 1807, the first one in Stuttgart and the second one in Ludwigsburg.

In 1809 their number has raised to five : Stuttgart, Tübingen,. Schomdorf, Heilbronn et Rottweil.

In november 1813, to fight against France the kingdom raises eight regiments : Ulm, Hall (Landscharfschützen), Hohenhole, Ellwange, Schomdorf, Heilbronn, Stuttgart and Ludwigsburg.

In 1806, single breasted coat of dark blue cloth with short tails closed by a row of seven buttons. Yellow collar. Yellow rounded cuff. Yellow turnbacks. Brass buttons.

For 1813 levying, same coat in light grey cloth with black collar, cuffs and turnbacks.

White breeches, grey in 1813. Short black gaiters.

Line infantry helmet without caterpillar or plume.

White leatherwork. Black leather cartridge pouch. White waistbelt and infantry sabre with brass hilt and black scabbard with brass fittings.

Waistbelt is replaced in 1811 by a shoulderbelt on right shoulder.

Landscharfschützen

A unit of Landscharfschützen is raised in 1809 during the austrian campaign.

In 1810 its strength is transferred to the two light infantry battalions.

They are raised again in 1813 inside the 2nd Land regiment and in 1814-15 as an independent regiment numbered 11.

In 1809, single breasted coat of light grey cloth with short tails closed by a row of seven buttons. Green collar. Green rounded cuff. Green turnbacks. Brass buttons.

For 1813 levying, same dress as others Landregiments

Grey breeches. Short black gaiters.

Light infantry shako of varnished black felt shako with a green cloth band piped white wrapped around his middle. White cords and flounders. Short green plume over national cockade. Black leather peak and chinstrap.

In 1813, same shako as line infantry.

Ochre leatherwork. Infantry sabre with brass double bar hilt and brown scabbard with brass fittings. Black sabre strap.

Artillery train

Line drivers

Single breasted short tailed coat of cornflower blue cloth closed by a single row of 12 buttons. Black collar. Black soulder straps. Black cloth armband bearing royal cipher in white cloth. Black rounded cuffs. Black turnbacks. Yellow buttons.

Cornflower blue breeches. Black light boots.

Light infantry type shako of black felt with leather top and base band. Brass crown over brass rhomboid plate stamped with royal cipher. Black plume. Black leather visor and chinstrap.

From 1810 the national cockade is added below plume the latter being suppressed some times later.

In 1812-1813, train drivers are equipped with the same shako that line infantry, black felt with black leather top band and yellow base band and side V strengthening, bearing a brass crown over a brass rhomboid plate stamped with royal arms. White cords and flounders. Black leather peak and neck guard with brass strengthening. Black leather chinstrap.

White waistbelt and infantry sabre with brass double bar hilt and brown scabbard with brass fittings. Black sabre strap.

For NCOs and officers same horse furniture as in horse artillery.

Guard and Household drivers

Same dress with two white buttonhole laces on collar and cuffs. White buttons.

Regno di Sassonia

Infanterie de ligne et grenadiers de la Garde

Depuis l’époque la plus reculée, l’infanterie saxonne porta un habit gris ; puis, ce fut le rouge qui devint la couleur fondamentale de l’uniforme jusqu’en 1734 : à cette date, elle fut habillée de blanc, et les régiments reçurent des couleurs distinctives variées. La réorganisation qui suivit la guerre de Sept Ans amena des modifications nouvelles : l’habit resta blanc, sauf pour les grenadiers de la Garde ; retroussis de la couleur du fond ; col, revers, parements de la couleur distinctive ; culotte collante blanche ; guêtres noires en forme de bottes hongroises ; cravate rouge ; chapeau bordé de blanc et pompon de couleur. Le bonnet à plaque des grenadiers, garni par derrière d’une doublure de couleur, fut remplacé par le bonnet à poil garni sur le devant d’un frontail métallique. Les officiers reçurent une cocarde blanche, sur leur chapeau brodé d’or ou d’argent : leur cravate fut blanche et leur hausse-col porta les initiales du Prince Electeur sur un fond en velours de couleur ; l’écharpe, argent ou or, était nouée sur le côté.

Les grenadiers de la Garde conservèrent l’habit rouge à distinctions jaunes : ils l’ont gardé jusqu’à leur dissolution en 1848. Les régiments d’infanterie, par groupe de deux, avaient la même couleur distinctive et ne se différenciaient que par le bouton, jaune dans l’un des régiments, et blanc dans l’autre : ces couleurs étaient le rouge garance, le bleu clair, le bleu foncé, le jaune, le vert pré et le rouge pourpre.

Cette tenue subit peu de changements jusqu’en 1810 ; elle suivit seulement la mode, pour la coupe générale des vêtements : ainsi, le col devint plus haut, l’habit fut plus dégagé par devant, le chapeau plus arrondi, la queue plus courte. En 1793, on créa dans chaque compagnie un groupe de "tirailleurs", composé d’un sous-officier et de huit hommes : ils se distinguaient par un plumet vert sur le chapeau.

Un nouveau changement de tenue eut lieu en 1810 : l’habit prit des revers droits descendant carrément jusqu’à la ceinture ; les retroussis, ainsi que les pattes d’épaule, reçoivent un passepoil à la couleur du régiment ; culotte de drap blanc, courtes guêtres noires, cravate rouge, shako à garniture de cuivre et à jugulaires d’écailles de même métal, cocarde blanche, pompon à la couleur du corps et cordons blancs au shako. Les grenadiers ont cordon et plumet rouges. L’habit des officiers a des basques plus longues, les épaulettes sont du modèle français, le hausse-col est porté comme insigne de service ; enfin la culotte blanche entre dans des bottes montant jusqu’au genou.

                                           

Infanterie légère et Chasseurs

On forma en 1809 avec les tirailleurs existant dans les compagnies d’infanterie un corps d’infanterie légère, et un peu plus tard, dans le courant de la même année, un corps de chasseurs : tous deux reçurent l’habit vert foncé à parties distinctives noires passepoilées de rouge et à boutons jaunes, de la coupe de celui de l’infanterie. Dans l’infanterie légère, le shako avait des cordons et un plumet verts, et était garni d’une plaque ; chez les chasseurs, les cordons du shako orné d’un cor de chasse étaient blancs, et le pompon vert ; fourniment noir pour les deux corps. La réunion du vert, du noir et du rouge est restée constamment la caractéristique des troupes légères saxonnes.

L’infanterie légère fut portée à la force de deux régiments ; le corps des chasseurs forma un unique bataillon, commandé par un major.

Artillerie, pionniers et train

L’artillerie saxonne change en 1717 son habit gris pour l’habit vert à distinctions rouges, qu’elle a conservé jusqu’à la fin du 19ème siècle ; le gilet et la culotte sont paille. L’artillerie à cheval, de création plus récente, reçoit une tenue de la coupe de celle des chevau-légers, toujours avec la même combinaison du vert et du rouge, et les boutons jaunes. Le shako, en 1810, remplace l’ancien chapeau galonné de blanc.

Les Pionniers avaient le même uniforme que les artilleurs, mais avec les boutons blancs : cette distinction existera aussi jusqu’à la fin du 19ème.

Le Train portait au commencement du 19ème siècle un uniforme bleu clair à distinctions noires et à passepoils rouges.

Cavalerie

Cuirassiers

Les régiments cuirassiés saxons avaient au commencement du XVIIIème siècle un habit rouge, relevé de couleurs distinctives variées ; cet habit devint blanc en 1734, sauf pour les Gardes du Corps : ces derniers prennent l’habit et la culotte jaunes en 1765, avec col, parements et retroussis bleus, bordés d’un galon mélangé de rouge et de jaune ; le chapeau est à galon d’or. Les cuirassiers du prince Electeur, les carabiniers et les cuirassiers du prince d’Anhalt prennent bientôt aussi l’habit jaune, qu’ils conservent jusqu’à la réorganisation de 1810.

A cette époque apparait le casque à cimier de cuivre, avec chenille noire ; bandeau en peau de tigre pour les Gardes du Corps, en peau d’ours pour les cuirassiers de Zastrow (ancien cuirassiers d’Anhalt) et les cuirassiers de la Garde (précédemment cuirassiers de l’Electeur). L’habit des Gardes du Corps est jaune paille ; col, parements et retroussis bleus ; autour du col, des parements et des retroussis, ainsi que sur le devant de l’habit, court un galon à raies bleues, rouges et jaunes ; les officiers ont ce galon en or ; le casque porte le même ancien plumet blanc qui décorait jadis le chapeau. Les cuirassiers de la Garde ont l’habit blanc, le rouge comme couleur distinctive, et le galon rouge et jaune ; les cuirassiers de Zastrow, avec l’habit blanc à distinctions jaunes, portent le galon jaune et noir. Tous les régiments ont la demi-cuirasse noircie, de hautes bottes, des gants à manchette et des contre-épaulettes en écailles métalliques.

Chevau-légers et hussards

Les anciens dragons saxons, devenus chevau-légers, portaient depuis l’origine l’habit rouge à distinctions de couleurs diverses, la culotte de peau jaune et le chapeau.

En 1810, cette tenue resta la même, et ne subit guère d’autres transformations que celles amenées par la mode dans la coupe des vétements. Les galons des chapeaux disparaissent, et sont remplacés par un plumet blanc ; le chapeau lui-même fait place au shako, et les schabraques rouges sont remplacées par des couvre-selles en peau de mouton noire.

Couleurs distinctives en 1810 :

Chevau-légers du Prince Clément vert clair.

Chevau-légers de Polentz bleu clair.

Chevau-légers du Prince Albrecht vert foncé.

Chevau-légers du Prince Jean noir.

Un régiment de hussards, formé en 1791, reçut comme uniforme une pelisse bleu clair passepoilée de noir, à tresses blanches ; dolman blanc, avec parements, col, galons et tresses bleu clair ; ceinture rouge, culotte blanche ; bonnet tronconique noir galonné de blanc, avec flamme doublée de bleu ; plumet blanc ; manteau bleu. Plus tard le dolman devint bleu clair avec tresses blanches, et parties distinctives noires. Le shako est adopté aussi pour les hussards saxons en 1810.

Granducato di Cleves e Berg

Grand-duché de Clèves et de Berg
Infanterie

Some military units, as for example the Bavarian 12th line infantry regiment, came with the territories used to create the grand duchy. These units were amalgamated in the 1st Berg infantry regiment raised on 24 April 1806 in Düsseldorf, with a strength of four battalions of eight companies each of 100 men.
The regiment is reorganized in August 1806 along French system and divided to raise a second regiment. Each is composed of three battalions of six companies (of which two were elites) that had :

1 Captain
1 Lieutenant
1 Second lieutenant
1 Sergeant-major
4 Sergeants
1 Fourier
6 Corporals
2 Sappers
2 Drummers
121 Men

They share a common reserve battalion of four companies where recruits were trained.
A third regiment is raised in October 1808 with same strength. In August 1811 the first three regiments were reduced to two battalions and released cadres used to raised a fourth regiment composed as the others with two war battalions of eight companies (of which two were elites) each of 120 men, and a reserve company.
The first regiments took part in the Prussian campaign in 1807 and to the Peninsula war between 1808 and 1811 along with the second. Third regiment was posted in Germany during the Austrian campaign in 1809. Finally all four regiments were sent in Russian in 1812, each reinforced by an artillery battery of two 6pdrs guns.
Only the first two regiments were reraised in 1813, using the few soldiers that escaped Russia and Spain, but they took no active part in the 1813 campaign.

Fusiliers
White coat with short tails. Light blue collar piped white. Blue shoulder straps piped white. Blue squared lapels piped white hooked down to the waist. Regimental cuffs :

1st blue piped white, white flaps (trident shaped 3 buttons) piped blue.
2e Pointed, blue piped white.
3e blue piped white, blue flaps (trident shaped 3 buttons) piped white.
4e Rounded, blue piped white.

Blue turnbacks and horizontal pockets simulated by a blue piping. Brass buttons for 1st and 2nd regiments and white metal ones for 3rd and 4th.

White jersey breeches and black short gaiter and shoes.
Grey or brown overcoat, collar bearing light blue patches.
Black felt shako with black leather top and base band, bearing either a brass oval shaped plate stamped with Berg lion or with a crowned J cipher or a brass rhomboid plate stamped with French eagle. Light blue pompon over white cockade with red centre and white strap. In full dress, white cords and flounders. Black leather peak and brass chinscales that miss on nearly all paintings.
3rd regiment fusiliers had a light blue plume until 1811.
White leatherwork. Black leather cartridge pouch bearing a brass oval shaped plate stamped with Berg lion or crowned J cipher. Infantry sabre with brass hilt and black leather sheath with brass fittings, light blue sabre strap.

Grenadiers
Troopers dress with red fringed epaulets. Black fur bearskin, red cloth patch with white cross. White cords and flounders and red plume. Cartridge pouch sometimes bearing a brass grenade plate. Red sabre strap.
From 1811-1812, bearskin is replaced by shako with similar fittings.

Chasseurs or voltigeurs
Troopers dress with green fringed epaulets or green with red crescent. Cartridge pouch as fusiliers. Green or green with red tassel sabre strap.

Officers
French cut coat with squared lapels and long colours distributed as troopers. Rank epaulets and shako bands in gold thread for 1st and 2nd regiments and silver thread for 3rd and 4th regiments.
White vest and breeches and black leather Russian or Hungarian boots. Gilded gorget with silver Berg lion ornament. Gold or silver thread sabre strap.
In campaign dress, light grey single breasted coat and breeches.
For mounted officer, high cuffed boots and French saddle with light blue saddle cloth laced in gold.

Drummers
Black cloth single breasted coat. Light blue collar piped white trimmed with a white lace with red zigzag decoration. Company epaulets or shoulder straps. Regimental cuffs. Chevrons of same lace on both sleeves. Other details as troopers.

Sappers
Grenadiers dress with whitened leather apron trimmed with (from outside inward) black fur, red, white and blue lace.

Musicians
In everyday dress, light blue single breasted coat with light blue collar laced white and regimental cuffs.
White breeches and black Hungarian boots.

Regimental artillery
Plate V/33 of the Lienhart and Humbert in the Army museum of Rastatt shows the dress of an artillerymen that likely belongs to a regimental battery :
Troopers dress with scarlet collar, white lapels piped scarlet and scarlet cuffs with white flaps piped scarlet. White overalls and black gaiters. Shako without plate and scarlet ball pompon cords and flounders.

Grand-duché de Clèves et de Berg
Infanterie
Période 1813-1815

In autumn 1813 as the duchy was returned to Prussia, both regiments were reorganized along Prussian lines with three battalion, one of fusiliers and two of musketeers. In addition the regiment comprised one company of voluntary jaegers.
Berg also raised a battalion of grenadiers of two companies.
These new units took part in the campaigns of 1814 and, after being transferred in the Prussian army as 28th (1st regiment) and 29th (grenadiers and 2nd regiment) Line Infantry Regiments, in the Belgium campaign.

Fusiliers and musketeers
White double breasted coat closed by two rows of eight buttons. Collar in battalion colour (1st yellow, 2nd white, 3rd red, 4th peach). Blue shoulder straps. Swedish cuffs in battalion colour bearing two buttons. Scarlet turnbacks. White metal buttons.
Jersey breeches. Black short gaiters.
Black felt shako with white-blue-white cockade.
White leatherwork. Black leather cartridge pouch.

Voluntary jaegers
Green single breasted coat closed by a row of eight buttons. Red collar bearing two buttonhole laces. Red shoulder straps. Red piping on front of coat. Red Swedish cuffs. Red turnbacks. Brass buttons.
Grey cloth trousers with two red side band over black boots.
Black felt shako with black leather top and base band, bearing a large brass cross. Short pale green plume. Pale green cords and flounders. Brass chinscales and black leather peak.
Black leatherwork. Black leather cartridge pouch. Jaeger sabre with brass hilt and black leather sheath with brass fittings.

Grenadiers
White coat with short tails. Scarlet collar. Dark blue shoulder straps piped red. Dark blue squared lapels piped red hooked down to the waist bearing yellow buttonholes laces. Scarlet cuffs with white flaps (rectangular 3 buttons) piped scarlet. Scarlet turnbacks. Brass buttons.
White jersey breeches and black short gaiter and shoes.
Black felt shako with black leather top and base band, bearing a brass shield plate. Black plume and scarlet pompon over white cockade with light blue centre. Yellow cords and flounders. Black leather peak with brass strengthening and brass chinscales.
White leatherwork. Black leather cartridge pouch bearing a brass grenade plate. Infantry sabre with brass hilt and black leather sheath with brass fittings, scarlet sabre strap.

Cavalerie
Light-horses lancers regiment of the grand duke of Berg

The « light horse regiment of the duke of Berg » was raised by decree of May 21 1807 around a nucleus of German speaking volunteers, officers and NCOs, from various French cavalry regiments posted in France or Italy. It used the classical French establishment of one depot squadron and four war squadrons of 87 horsemen each. The 1st company was entitled as « Body Guard » of Murat.
In the spring of 1808, the Body Guard company was sent in Spain. When Murat was promoted as king of Naples, the company was at first administratively attached to the imperial Guard cavalry and finally disbanded on January 11 1809 his strength being transferred to the imperial Guard horse grenadiers and chasseurs or to the newly raised Berg chasseurs.
In fact the new governor of the duchy decided, by decree of August 29 1808 to raise a « regiment of mounted chasseurs of Berg » using the cadres of the companies that stayed in the duchy. The new regiment was posted to the army of Germany during the Austrian campaign.
The decree of December 17 1809 renamed the chasseurs as « regiment of lancers of Berg » and the first two squadrons were sent to the Peninsula in the spring of 1810.
In 1811, regiment is augmented to six squadrons, three in Spain and three in Germany.
Following the decree of March 4 1812, the latter are transferred to a new regiment, the 2nd lancers of Berg, the former so becoming the 1st regiment of the branch. Finally both were renamed « regiments of light horses lancers of Berg ». The 2nd one takes part to the Russian campaign.
In 1813, the few horsemen that escaped Russia were amalgamated with the ones called back from Spain to raise a « lancers of Berg brigade » that fight at Dresden and Leipzig battles.
The Prussian rulers used the few strength they found in the duchy to raise a « hussars of Berg regiment », of four hussars and one voluntary jaegers squadrons. On April 20 1815, the regiment was transferred to the Prussian army as 11th hussars regiment and as such took part in the Belgium campaign.

Light horses 1807-1808

Light horses
Polish style coat (kurtka) in white cloth. Light crimson collar. White fringed epaulets. Light crimson lapels. Light crimson pointed cuffs. Light crimson turnbacks and vertical pockets simulated by a light crimson piping. White metal buttons.
In field dress, light grey single breasted coat with light crimson collar and cuffs and same ornaments.
Light crimson polish style trousers with double white side band. Black light boots.
In field dress, grey cloth overalls with leather inserts and light crimson side band.
Czapska with light crimson cloth top piped and laced white and black leather crown bearing a brass sunrays plate with silvered centre bearing a brass crowned J cipher. White plume over white cockade with light crimson centre. White cords and flounders. Black leather peak with brass strengthening and brass chinscales.
White leatherwork. Light cavalry sabre with brass three bars hilt and iron sheath, white sabre strap.
Light cavalry harness, Hungarian saddle with light crimson saddle cloth laced white bearing a white crowned J cipher in rear corners. Cylindrical portmanteau in light crimson cloth laced white.
Life guards
Same dress with white buttonholes laces on lapels. White thread aiguillette on right shoulder.

Trumpeters
Troopers dress in reversed colours, light crimson with white facings. Silver lace on collar, lapels and cuffs. Epaulets in mixed white and light crimson thread.
Brass trumpet with mixed white and light crimson cord.

Chasseurs a cheval 1808-1809

Chasseur
Dark green coat with short tails and lapels hooked down to the waist. Light crimson collar. Green shoulder straps piped light crimson. Light crimson or green piped light crimson lapels. Light crimson pointed cuffs sometimes shown with green piping. Light crimson turnbacks. White metal buttons.
In field dress, dark green single breasted “Kinski” coat with light crimson collar and cuffs sometimes piped green. “Soubise” pockets simulated by a light crimson piping.
Dark green Hungarian breeches with light crimson Hungarian knots and side bands, Hungarian boots with light crimson trim and tassel.
Black felt shako with black leather top and base band, bearing either a white metal rhomboid plate stamped with Berg lion or French eagle or a large white and light crimson cockade with white strap. Company coloured pompon over white cockade with red centre and white strap. In full dress, white cords and flounders. White metal chinscales and black leather peak.
Leatherwork and sabre as before. Black leather cartridge pouch.
White sheepskin schabraque with light crimson wolf teeth.
Elite company
Troopers dress with scarlet fringed epaulets.
Black fur colback with scarlet bag piped scarlet. Scarlet plume and pompon.
Scarlet sabre strap.

Trumpeters
Troopers dress with white lace with light crimson lozenges on collar, cuffs and maybe lapels.

Light horses lancers 1809-1813

Light horses
Same dress as before until 1811.
From 1812, dark green polish style coat (kurtka). Light crimson collar piped green. Green shoulder straps piped light crimson. Light crimson lapels. Light crimson pointed cuffs. Light crimson turnbacks and vertical pockets simulated by a light crimson piping. White metal buttons.
In 1813, white fringed epaulets.
Breeches and boots as before.
In field dress, dark green or middle grey overalls with light crimson side band.
Same headgear as before until 1811.
From 1812, czapska with light crimson cloth top for 1st regiment and dark green for 2nd one, both piped and laced white and black leather crown bearing a brass sunrays plate with silvered centre bearing a brass crowned N cipher. White plume over white cockade with light crimson centre. White cords and flounders. Black leather peak and brass chinscales.
Leatherwork and sabre as before.
From the end of 1809, black wood lance with light crimson over white pennon.
Saddle dress as before for 1st regiment. White sheepskin schabraque with dark green wolf teeth and cylindrical portmanteau in dark green cloth laced light crimson for 2nd regiment.

Elite company
Troopers dress with scarlet fringed epaulets.
Same colback as before for 1st regiment and czapska with red short and thick plume for 2nd regiment.

Trumpeters
For 1st regiment, troopers dress with imperial livery lace on collar, lapels, cuffs, pockets and around waist buttons.
For 2ns regiment, dark green single breasted coat with light crimson collar and cuffs bearing five white buttonholes laces in breast and white lave around collar and cuffs.

Cavalerie
Hussars of Berg regiment

Hussars
Hussars style dress. Dark green dolman with light green braid and laces. Scarlet collar trimmed light green. Scarlet pointed cuffs trimmed light green. Scarlet wool sash with scarlet barrels. White metal buttons. Dark green pelisse with light green braid and laces and brown fur trim.
Middle grey overalls and black light boots.
Black felt shako with black leather top and base band. New blue within white cockade. Light green cords and flounders. Brass chinscales and black leather peak.
Black leatherwork. Black leather hussar belt with black leather sabretache and Prussian light cavalry sabre with iron hilt and scabbard and black sabre strap.

Freiwillige Jäger
Hussars style dress. Dark green dolman with light green braid and laces. Scarlet collar with two yellow buttonholes laces. Scarlet pointed cuffs trimmed yellow. Scarlet wool sash with scarlet barrels. Brass buttons. Dark green pelisse with light green braid and laces and brown fur trim.
Dark green Hungarian breeches with light green knots and side bands. Black Hungarian boots.
Same shako than hussars bearing a brass Landwehr cross. New white-blue-white cockade. Light green cords and flounders. Brass chinscales and black leather peak.
Same leatherwork and sabre than hussars without sabretache.

Officers
Troopers dress with gold braid and laces. Light blue breeches with gold Hungarian knots and side laces.

Royaume de Bavière

Linien Infanterie Regimenten

Line infantry regiments are composed of three battalions of which only the first two are field battalions. Field battalions are composed of one grenadier company, one voltigeur company and four fusilier companies. The reserve battalion is composed of four fusilier companies only.

Fusiliers

Short tailed coat with closed lapels of cornflower blue (deep sky blue) cloth. Closed collar of regimental colour. Blue shoulder straps piped red. Lapels of regimental colour. Rounded cuffs with side slit piped red closed by four buttons. Red turnbacks. White or yellow buttons.

Regiments belonging to royal household (nr.1 König and nr.2 Kronprinz) have buttons’ colour buttonhole laces on lapels and waist buttons.

After 1814, all regiments wear the same uniform with red facings and yellow buttons and are only differentiated by the number stamped on their buttons.

White breeches. Short black gaiters.

Helmet with high black leather crown bearing a brass crowned oval plate stamped with royal cipher over a brass band. A small brass chain joins each chinstrap boss to two rivets on each side of the plate crown. Black wool caterpillar. On left side of the crown, between national cockade (white with blue centre) and chinstrap boss, small wool tuft of company colour (see plate). Black leather peak. Black leather chinstrap trimmed by small brass chains.

White leatherwork. Black leather cartridge pouch. White belt with brass buckle and sabre with brass single bar hilt and black leather scabbard with brass fittings, white sabre strap. In 1810, waistbelt is replaced by a shoulderbelt.

Grenadiers

Trooper’s dress with tuft replaced by a scarlet plume. Pouch often bears a brass grenade plate. White sabre strap.

After 1808, button colour grenade patch on turnbacks.

Voltigeurs

Trooper’s dress with tuft replaced by a green plume. Pouch often bears a brass horn plate. Rifle and sabre-bayonet with steel hilt and black leather scabbard with brass fittings. Black leather powder horn with green cord and tassel.

After 1808, button colour horn patch on turnbacks.

NCOs

Trooper’s dress with rank laces on collar. Special type sabre with white metal basket hilt, silver sabre straps with blue stripes.

Officers

Troopers’ dress with long tails. Vertical pockets simulated by a red piping. Rank laces in button colour on collar. All ornaments (including buttonhole laces of 1st and 2nd regiments) are silver (silvered) or gold (gilded). Large waist sash in silver silk with blue embroideries knotted on left hip ending with tassels for senior officers, without tassels for junior officers. Black boots.

Large black fur caterpillar on helmet. Sword for fusilier and grenadier officers, curved bladed sabre for voltigeur officers.

For mounted officers, french saddle with regimental colour schabraque and holster cover (red for all after 1811) with silver or gold lace and royal cipher embroidery in rear corners.

In 1812, the silk sash is replaced by a gorget as service insignia.

Drummers and hornists

Troopers’ dress with button colour lace on collar and cuffs. Swallow nests of lapel colour with button colour lace. After 1807, royal cipher embroidery (royal arms for 1st and 2nd regiments) on swallow nests. Five or six chevrons of lace on sleeves and lace along sleeve seam. Drum hoops are painted with blue and white stripes and the horn has blue and white cord and tassels.

Most voltigeur hornists do not wear sleeve chevrons.

Grenadier drummers and voltigeur hornists are often shown with drooping plume.

Sappers

Grenadier dress with scarlet fringed epaulets and sappers’ badge (crossed axes) in scarlet cloth on sleeves. Scarlet drooping plume. Whitened leather apron.

Musicians

Before 1814, troopers’ dress with black felt cocked hat with white stiffeners, lace and cockade strap. Black boots.

After 1814, short tailed single breasted coat of cornflower blue cloth, closed by six buttons. Gold lace on collar, cuffs and front of coat.